Network topologies:--
Definition:---Network topologies are defined as a way by which different types of devices are connected such as:--different types of computers system, printers. Merely network topology defines the layout of wires and paths used for data transmission between different devices
Types of network topologies:---
BUS TOPOLOGY:In bus topology ,only a single node is used for connect all the devices .The main cable acts as a spine for the entire network. It is one of the passive topologies. So computers on the bus only listen for data being sent, that are not responsible for moving the data from one computer to others. Famous for LAN network because they are inexpensive and easy to install.
Note:---In case if
the common cable fails, then the entire system will crash down. These Cables are always of a limited length.
STAR TOPOLOGY:-
In the star
topology, all the computers connect with the help of a hub. This cable is
called a central node, and all other nodes are connected using this central node.
Note:--It is most
popular on LAN networks.
RING Topology:
In
this topology, every computer is connected to another computer. Here, the last
node is combined with a first one. This topology uses token to pass the
information from one computer to another. In this topology, all the messages
travel through a ring in the same direction.
Note:--Faster
error checking mechanism.
MESH TOPOLOGY:-
The mesh
topology has a unique network design in which each computer on the network
connects to every other. It is develops a P2P (point-to-point) connection
between all the devices of the network.
NOTE:--It offers a
high level of redundancy, so even if one network cable fails, still data has an
alternative path to reach its destination.
TREE TOPOLOGY:-
Tree
topologies have a root node, and all other nodes are connected which form a
hierarchy. So it is also known as hierarchical topology. This topology
integrates various star topologies together in a single bus, so it is known as
a Star Bus topology. Tree topology is a very common network which is similar to
a bus and star topology.
NOTE:---Error detection is easy in tree topology.
HYBRID TOPOLOGY:--
Hybrid
topology combines two or more topologies. A hybrid topology
is always produced when two different basic network topologies are connected.
NOTE:- Offers the easiest method
for error detecting and troubleshooting.
TYPES OF NETWORK:---
There are various types of computer networks available. We
can categorize them according to their size as well as their purpose. The size
of a network should be expressed by the geographic area and number of
computers, which are a part of their networks. It includes devices housed in a
single room to millions of devices spread across the world.
PAN:-PAN stand for "personal area network". PAN is a computer network formed around a person. It
generally consists of a computer, mobile, or personal digital assistant. PAN
can be used for establishing communication among these personal devices for
connecting to a digital network and the internet.
NOTE:-- It can be wirelessly
connected to the internet called WPAN. Appliances use for PAN: cordless mice,
keyboards, and Bluetooth systems.
LAN:---LAN stands for "local area network". LAN:-. It is a widely useful network for sharing resources
like files, printers, games, and other application. In general, LAN will be used as one type of
transmission medium.
NOTE:---Ethernet cable is used for LAN connectivity.
WAN:---WAN stands for “Wide area
network”. WAN is a computer network that which is spread across a large
geographical area. WAN network system could be a connection
of a LAN which connects with other LAN's using telephone lines and radio waves.
It is mostly limited to an enterprise or an organization.
NOTE-----WAN Contains
devices like mobile phones, laptop, tablet, computers, gaming consoles, etc. WLAN
connections work using radio transmitters and receivers built into client
devices.
MAN:----MAN stands for “Metropolitan area network”. MAN is consisting of a computer network across an entire city, college campus, or a small region. Depending upon the type of configuration, this type of network allows you to cover an area from several miles to tens of miles. Mostly covers towns and cities in a maximum 50 km range. Mostly used medium is optical fibers, cables. The dual bus in MAN network provides support to transmit data in both directions concurrently.
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